Of the many percussion instruments appended to the Western orchestra in the twentieth century, the marimba stands out as one of the most significant. Originally from Guatemala, this large, wooden idiophone's unique timbre and extended range have made it a favorite not only as a member of the large-scale orchestra but as a solo instrument as well. However, what brings the marimba its subtle, versatile sound? Or, more specifically, what scientific elements of its construction and performance have made it into the beautifully unique instrument we have come to know?

The characteristic sound of the marimba is decided, primarily, by four factors, the first of which is the manner of construction of the bars. Marimba bars are typically made of rosewood, and unlike the bars of its relative the xylophone, are longer and wider, with an arch-shaped cut on the underside. The second factor is the tuning of these bars, a process both facilitated and dictated by their shape. The third factor involves resonators, long metal tubes used not to prolong, but to strengthen the sound of the bars. Finally, the fourth factor is the selection of mallets to be used in playing the instrument, an issue important in understanding how the marimba's unique timbres are produced. I plan to explore each of these four factors of marimba construction and performance in terms of their grounds in the science of acoustics, hoping to thereby better our understanding of this increasingly popular instrument.

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