EDWARD R. BIEHL

Publications

	1.  Hollingsworth, C. W., Daryl McDaniel, Edward R. Biehl, "Lithium Aluminum Amides as Catalysts for the Reaction of Lithium Aluminum Hydride with 1-Hexyne," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 3560.

	2.  Biehl, Edward R., "Semiconductors," Technical Report, USAG (1962).

	3.  Biehl, Edward R., "The Reaction of o-Chlorobenzoic Acid with Certain Active Hydrogen Compounds and Sodamide in Liquid Ammonia," J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 602.

	4.  Biehl, Edward R., and Hsueh-Ming Li, "The Quantitative Analysis of Mixtures of the Isomeric Aminobenzoic Acids,"  Anal. Chem. 1966, 38, 1422.

	5.  Biehl, Edward R., Edward Nieh, Hsueh-Ming Li, and Chun-I Hong, "The Orientation and Reactivity in Nucleophilic Addition to Arynes Possessing Charged Substituents.  1. Orientation and Reactivity in Nucleophilic Addition to Benzyne-3- and -4-Carboxylate," J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 500.

	6. Biehl, Edward R., and Edward Nieh, "Substituent Effects on the Reactivity of Arynes.  Product Distributions as an Index of Relative Reactivities of Arynes in Methylamine and Dimethylamine Solvents," J. Org. Chem. 1969, 34, 3595.
	
	7.  Biehl, E. R., K. C. Hsu, and Edward Nieh, "A Novel Catalytic Salt Effect in Base Initiated Aryne Reactions in Dimethylamine Solvent," J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 2454.

	8.  Biehl, Edward R., Susan M. Smith* and Perry C. Reeves, "The Synthesis of N-Alkylanilines via Aryne Reaction in Primary Amine Solvent," J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 1841.

	9.  Wu, Angela*, E. R. Biehl and P. C. Reeves, "Transmission of Substituent Effects in Aniline-tricarbonylchromium Compounds," J. Organometal. Chem. 1971, 33, 53.

	10.  Biehl, E. R., Robert Patrizi, and P. C. Reeves, "Synthesis of Certain Meta Derivatives of N-Alkylanilines via Aryne Reactions in Primary Aliphatic Amine Solvents," J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 3252.

	11.  Biehl, E. R., Susan M. Smith*, Robert Patrizi, and Perry C. Reeves, "Synthesis of N,N-Dialkylaromatic Amines via Benzyne Reaction," J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 137.

	12.  Wu, A., E. R. Biehl, and P. C. Reeves, "Transmission of Substituent Effects in Phenol-tricarbonylchromium Compounds," J. Chem. Soc. Perkin II 1972, 449.

	13.  Biehl, E. R., S. M. Smith*, S. Lapis*, and P. C. Reeves, "Elucidation of the Mechanism of Redcutive Dehalogenation of o-Haloanisoles under Aryne-forming Conditions," J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37.

	14.  Biehl, Edward R., and Perry C. Reeves, "Hydroboration of Organometallic Compounds," Tetrahydron Letters 1972, 2955.

	15.  Biehl, Edward R., and Perry C. Reeves, "A Convenient, High-Yield Synthesis of the Carboxylic Acid Derivative of Ferrocene and Cyclopentadienylmagnesium Tricarbonyl," Synthesis 1974.

	16.  Biehl, E. R., Tom Daniel*, P. C. Reeves, and Susan Lapis*, "Improved Synthesis of 3-Bromo-10-Methyl- and 3-Bromo-10-Ethylphenothiazine," J. Hereto. Chem. 1974, 11, 247.

	17.  Biehl, Edward R., and Perry C. Reeves, "The Reaction of Vinylferrocenes with Tetracyano-ethylene," J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 477.

	18.  Biehl, E. R., S. Lapis*, and Perry C. Reeves, "Investigation of the Mechanism of Reductive Dehalogenation of Haloanisoles Under Aryne-Forming Conditions," J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 1900.

	19.  Stierle, D.*, Edward R. Biehl, and Perry C. Reeves, "Cyclobutadieneiron Tricarbonyl Carbox-ylic Acids:  Synthesis and Acidity," J. Organometal. Chem. 1974, 72, 221.

	20.  Biehl, Edward R., and Perry C. Reeves, "Synthesis of Vinylcyclobutadieneiron Tricarbonyl Complexes," Synthesis 1974, 883.

	21.  Biehl, Edward R., V. Patrizi*, S. Lapis* and Perry C. Reeves, "Preparation of Certain 2-N-Alkylamino- and 2-N,N-Dialkylamino-10-methylphenothiazines via Phenothiazyne" (1a), J. Hetero. Chem. 1974, 11, 965.

	22. Graham, Robert E., C. T. Kenner, and Edward R. Biehl, "A Study of the Reduction of Blue Tetrazolium by Corticosteroids," J. Pharm. Sci. 1975, 64, 226.	

	23.  Graham, Robert E., Charles T. Kenner, and E. R. Biehl, "The Determination of Iodochlor-hydroxyquin and Corticosteroids in Pharmaceutical Formulations," J. Pharm. Sci. 1975, 64, 1013.

	24.  Biehl, E. R., H. Chiou, J. Keepers*, S. Kennard*, and Perry C. Reeves, "The Influence of Substituents on Spectral Properties of Radical-Cations and Dications Derived from Certain Pheno-thiazines" (1a), J. Hetero. Chem. 1975, 12, 397.

	25.  Woods, T*., T. Boyd*, E. Biehl, and P. Reeves, "Directed Effects in the Hydroboration of Vinylferrocenes," J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 2416.

	26. Biehl, Edward R., Levine Robert, "Reaction of o-Chlorotoluene with alkali Amides.  Metal Effects in Benzyne Reactions," J. Org. Chem. 1975, 40, 2416.

	27.  Chiou, H., P. Reeves, and E. R. Biehl, "Mechanistic Aspects of the Bromintion of 10-Substituted Phenothiazines," J. Hetero. Chem. 1976, 13, 77.

	28.  Graham, Robert E., Edward R. Biehl, C. T. Kenner, "Effect of Solvent on Tetrazolium Reaction," J. Pharm. Sci. 1976, 65, 1048.

	29.  Hanus, Jim, Humberto Guerrero, and Edward R. Biehl, "High Pressure Liquid Chromato-graphy of Benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(ghi)peryline in Oil-contaminated Shellfish," J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1976, 59, 989.

	30.  Graham, R. E., E. R. Biehl, C. T. Kenner, G. H. Luttrell, and D. L. Middleton, "Mechanism of the Blue Tetrazolium Reaction," J. Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66.

	31.  Flynn, Bill, and Edward R. Biehl, "Effects of Wine Conengers on Behavior in the Rat," J. Studies on Alcohol 1977, 38, 25.

	32.  Pruitt, P., E. R. Biehl and P. C. Reeves, "Substituent Effects in the Cyclobutadieneiron Tricarbonyl System," J. Chem. Soc. Perkin II 1977, 907.

	33.  Pruitt, P., E. R. Biehl and P. C. Reeves, "Photochemical Reactions of 1,2-Dimethylcyclobutadieneiron Tricarbonyl with Various Acetylenes," J. Organometallic Chem. 1977, 134.

	34.  Graham, R. E., E. R. Biehl, and C. T. Kenner, "Analysis of Betamethasone and its Organic Esters in Pharmaceutical Products," J. Pharm. Sci. 1978, 67, 360.

	35.  Graham, Robert E., Edward R. Biehl, and Charles T. Kenner, "Influence of Light on Tetrazolium Reactions and Stability of Formazan in Various Solvents," J. Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66, 965.

	36.  Biehl, Edward R., Robert Wooten*, C. T. Kenner, and Robert E. Graham, "Kinetics and Mechanistic Studies of the Blue Tetrazolium Reaction with Phenolhydrazines," J. Pharm. Sci. 1978, 67, 927.

	37.  Hanus, Jim, Humberto Guerrero, and Edward R. Biehl, "High Pressure Liquid Chroma-ographic Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Oysters," J. Assoc. Official. Anal. Chem. 1979, 62, 29.

	38.  Hanus, Jim, Humberto Guerrero, and Edward R. Biehl, "Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds in Shellfish."  LIB no. 2119, FSB/EDRO, Washington, DC.

	39. Hanus, Jim, Humberto Guerrero, and Edward R. Biehl, "Identification and Analysis of Fraudulent Drugs."  1. Orotic acid, LIB no. 2195, FSB/EDRO, Washington, DC.

	40.  Biehl, E. R., W. Stewart*, A. Marks*, and P. Reeves, "Influence of Cyano Group on Orien-tation to Aryne," J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 3674.

	41. Williams, Patricia, and Edward R. Biehl, "Rapid Determination of Corticosteroids," J. Pharm. Sci. 1978, 67, 792.

	42.  Bayoud, R., E. R. Biehl, and P. C. Reeves, "Reaction of Unsymmetrically Substituted Penta-dienyliron Tricarbonyl Cations in Water," J. Organometallic Chem. 1978, 150, 75.
		
	43.  Shu, B., E. R. Biehl, and P. C. Reeves, "General Synthetic Route to Monosubstituted Cyclo-heptadienes from Organometallic Compounds," Synthesis 1978.

	44.  Graham, R. E., E. R. Biehl, and C. T. Kenner, "Separation and Determination of Testosterone and Testosterone Esters in Selected Pharmaceutical Formulations," J. Pharm. Sci. 1979, 68, 871.

	45. Sohal, Raj, and Edward R. Biehl, "Effect of Age and Metabolic Rate on Lipid Peroxidation in the Houseful," Musca domestica, Mechanics of Ageing and Development, 1981, 16, 159.

	46.  El-Sheikh, Mustafa I., Alan Marks, and Edward R. Biehl, "Investigation of the Synthesis of Benzoxazoles via Aryne Reaction," J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 3256.

	47. Williams, Patricia, and Edward R. Biehl, "High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Deter-mination of Corticosteroids in Topical Pharmaceuticals," J. Pharm. Sci. 1981, 70, 530.

	48.  Hansen, Lydell B., Gabriel D. Castillo, and Edward R. Biehl, "Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Characterization of an Alteration Product of Malathion Detected in Stored Rice," J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1981, 64, #5, 1232.

	49.  Donato, Jr., H., and E. R. Biehl, "The Reaction of Nitro-Blue Tetrazolium with d, 1-L-Tetra-hydrofolate:  The Effect of pH, Oxygen, Formaldehyde and Palladium(II)," Chem-Biol. Inter. 1982, 39, 31.

	50.  Sogandares-Bernal, F., M. V. Dennis, S. Graham*, E. Biehl, and M. Voge*, "Secretory Excretory Antigens Produced by Tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti Defined by SDS-Page and HPLC," Vet. Parasitology 1982, 10, 221.

	51. Uribe, Jose, Robert E. Graham, and Edward R. Biehl, "Determination of Corticosteroids," J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1983, 65, #3.

	52.  Jovanovic, Misa V., and Edward R. Biehl, "One-Pot Synthesis and Structure of 10-Hetero-arylphenothiazines," J. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 1983, 20, 1677.

	53.  Xin, Han Yu, and Edward R. Biehl, "Reaction of Various Nucleophiles with 2-Bromo-p-xylene, 4-Bromo-veratrol and 4-Bromo-o- xylene via Aryne Reaction," J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 4397.

	54. Jovanovic, Misa V., and Edward R. Biehl, "13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Confor-mational Analysis of Some 10-Arylphenothiazines and 10-Arylpyridobenzothiazines," Organic Magnetic Resonance 1984, 22, 491.

	55.  Jovanovic, Misa J., and Edward R. Biehl, "Bromination of 10-Phenylphenothiazine and 10-Phenyl-phenoxazine," J. Heterocylic Chem. 1984, 49, 1950.

	56.  Jovanovic, Misa V., and Edward R. Biehl, "Crystal Structures of 10-(2'-Pyrazyl)Pheno-thiazine and Spectroscopic Identification of Its Radical-Cation and Dications," J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1984, 21, 661.

	57.  Jovanovic, Misa V., and Edward R. Biehl, "Crystal Structure Determination of 2-Nitro-10-Phenyl-phenothiazine," J. Heterocyclc. Chem. 1984, 21, 885.
	
	58. Jovanovic, Misa V., Edward R. Biehl, Patrice de Meester, and Shirley S. C. Chu, "Radical Cation Formation and Crystal Structure Determination of 4'-Dimethylamino-10-phenyl- pyrido[3,2-b]benzothiazine," J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1984, 21, 1425.

	59.  Jovanovic, Misa V., and E. R. Biehl, "13C Nmr Spectral Assignments of Chlorpromazine and Its 5-Oxide.  Literature Correction."  J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1984, 21, 1589.

	60.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "10-(2-Methoxyphenyl)pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]benzothiazine, C18H14N2OS," Acta. Cryst. 1984, C40, 1753.

	61.  Han, Yu Xin, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "The Reaction of 2-Bromo-1,4-dimethoxybenzene with Various Nucleophiles via Aryne Reaction," J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 1334.

	62.  Jovanovic, Misa V., Edward R. Biehl, Patrice de Meester, and Shirley S. C. Chu, "Molecular Structure and 13C NMR Spectral Assignments of 1-(2'Pyrido)-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]- benzothiazine Using 10-Phenyl[3,2-b][1,4]benzothiazine as the Model Compound," 
J. Heterocyl. Chem. 1985, 22, 777.

	63.  Chu, Shirley S. C., Patrice de Meester, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "The Crystal Structure of 10-Methylphenothiazine 5-oxide," Acta Cryst. 1985, C41, 1111.

	64.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "The Crystal Structure of 3'-Methoxy-5-phenyl-5,10-dihydrophenarsazine," J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1985, 22, 1237.

	65.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl,  "10-(4'Methoxy)-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]benzothiazine, Acta Cryst. 1985, C41, 1246.

	66.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-Methyl-5,10-dihydrophenarsazine," J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1986, 23, 1131.

	67.  Tate, John V., William N. Tinnerman II*, Vita Jurevics, Harold Jeskey, and Edward R. Biehl, "Preparation of 5-Substituted Barbituric Acids and Effect of the Benzyl and Substituted Benzyl Groups on the Acidity of Barbituric Acid," J. Heterocycl. Chem
 1986, 23, 9.

	68.  de Meester, Patrice, Misa V. Jovanovic, Shirley S. C. Chu, and Edward R. Biehl, "Investi-gation of the Structure and 13C NMR Spectrum of 5-Phenylbarbituric Acid," J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1986, 23, 337.

	69.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "Crystal Structure of 2-Chloro-10-phenylphenothiazene," Acta. Cryst. 1986, C42, 750.

	70.  Jovanovic, Misa V., Patrice de Meester, Edward R. Biehl, and Shirley S. C. Chu, "Deter-mination of Structure and 13C Chemical Shift Assignments of the Nitration Products of 2-chloro-10-methylphenothiazine.  X-ray Molecular Structure of 2-chloro-7-ni
tro-10- methylphenothiazine-5-oxide," J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1986, 23, 801.

	71.  Jovanovic, Misa V., Edward R. Biehl, Patrice de Meester, and Shirley S. C. Chu, "Synthesis, 13C-NMR Spectrum and Crystal Structure of 10-Phenyl-pyrido[3,2][1,4]benzo- thiazine 5-oxide," J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1986, 23, 797.

	72.  Jovanovic, Misa V., and Edward R. Biehl, "Mechanism of the H/D/ Exchange Mechanism of Benzylbarbituric Acid Derivatives," Heterocycles, 1986, 24, 3129.

	73.  Xin, Han Yu, Subhash P. Khanapure,` Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "The Reaction of 4-Bromo-1,2-dimethylbenzene with Various Nucleophiles via Aryne Reaction," J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51, 5157.	

	74.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, and Edward R. Biehl, "Structure of 10-(4-Nitro-phenyl)pyrido[3,2ab][1,4]-benzothiazine," Acta Cryst., 1986, C42, 877.

	75.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, Misa V. Jovanovic, and Edward R. Biehl, "Structure of 3,7-Dibromo-10-ethylphenothiazine," Acta Cryst., 1986, C42, 1794.

	76.  Jovanovic, Misa V., Edward R. Biehl, "Correlation of Dihedral Angles with 13C Chemical Shifts of Quaternary Carbon Atoms of Some Phenothiazine and Pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]benzothiazine Derivatives," J. Heterocyclic Chem., 1987, 24, 51.

	77.  Jovanovic, Misa V., and Edward R. Biehl, "Substituent and Solvents Effects on Tautomeric Equilibrium of Barbituric Acid Derivatives and Isosterically Related Compounds," J. Heterocyclic Chem., 1987, 24, 191.

	78.  de Meester, Patrice, Shirley S. C. Chu, Subhash Khanapure, and Edward R. Biehl, "a-(2',5'-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylacetonitrile," Acta. Cryst. 1987, C43, 370.

	79.  Khanapure, Subhash, and Edward R. Biehl, "The Preparation of 4-Alkyl- and 4-Aryl Deriva-tives of 6-Acetoxyisochroman-3-one," J. Org. Chem. , 1987, 52, 1333.

	80.  Razzuk, Aziz, and Edward R. Biehl, "The Aryne Reaction of Polymethoxyhaloarenes With Various Amines and Nitrile Anions."  J. Org. Chem., 1987, 52, 3619.

	81.  Siriwardane, Upali; Khanapure, Subhash; Biehl, Edward, "Structure of 2-(1,4-Dimethoxy-2-naphthyl)-2-phenylacetonitrile 2,7-dimethoxynaphthylacetonitrile", Acta Cryst., 1987, C43, 2246.

	82.  Khanapure, Subhash; Rawalpally, T. R.; Biehl, Edward R., "Preparation of Anthraquinone via Aryne Reaction", J. Org. Chem., 1987, 52, 5685.

	83.  Khanapure, Subhash P., Crenshaw, Lori, Reddy, R. Thimma, and Biehl, Edward R., "Syn-thesis of Polysubstituted Benzenes via the Tandem Addition-Rearrangement Aryne Reaction of Sub-stituted 2-Bromoanisoles and Lithioarenenitriles", J. Org. Chem., 1988
, 53, 4915.

	84.  Siriwardane, Upali; Khanapure, Subhash; Chu, S. C.; Biehl, Edward R., "Structure of (2-Cyano-3-methoxy-6-methyl)-3-'methoxyphenylmethane", Acta Cryst. , 1988, C44, 200 

	85.  Siriwardane, Upali; Reddy, R. Thimma, Chu, S. S. C., Biehl, Edward R., "1,2-Dihydro-5,6-dimethoxybenzocyclobuten-1-(3',5'-dinitro)benzoate", Acta Cryst., 1988, C44, 198.

	86.  Crenshaw, L.; Khanapure, S. P.; Siriwardane, U.; Biehl, E. R.; "A Stereocontrolled Synthesis of cis-3,4-Diarylisochroman-1-one Through Diastereoselective Reaction of Benzaldehyde and a-Lithio-2-cyanodiarylmethane Intermediate.  Tetrahedron Lett, 198
8, 29, 3777.

	87.  Siriwardane, U.; Rawalpally, T. R.; Biehl, E.R.; Structure of N, N, -Diisopropyl a-(2-meth-oxy-6-methyl)- a-cyanoacetamide.  Acta. Cryst., 1989, C45, 338.

	88.  Siriwardane, U.; Razzuk, A.; Biehl E. R. "Crystal Structure of 10-(Phenyl)-5,10-Dihydro-N-Phenylphenarsazine, J. Heterocyclic Chem., 1988, 25, 1555.

	89.  Khanapure, S. P.; Crenshaw, L. C.; Biehl, E. R. "Preparation of 2-Azaanthraquinones via Aryne Reaction Heterocycles, 1988, 27, 2643.

	90.  Siriwardane, U.; Khanapure, S. P.; Chu, S. S.; Biehl, E. R. "2-(2,5-Dimethoxybenzyl)-3, 6-dimethoxy-4-methlybenzonitrile", Acta. Cryst. 1988, C44, 374.

	91.  Siriwardane, U.; Khanapure, S. P.; Chu, S. S.; Biehl, E. R. ' "6-(3-Methoxybenzyl)-5-methyl-o-anisonitrile" Acta Cryst. 1988, C44, 200.

	92.  Biehl, E. R;  Khanapure, S. P.; Siriwardane, U.; Tschantz, M.* "The Reaction of 2-Chloro-10-methylphenothiazine with Aromatic Nitriles and Lithium Dialkylamides in THF", Heterocycles, 1989, 29, 485.

	93.  Siriwardane, U.; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Structure of 8-Methoxy-5-methyl-3,4-cis-diphenylisochroman-1-one", 1989, C45, 1239.

	94.  Biehl, E. R. "Application of the Aryne Reaction in the Synthesis of Polycyclics", Accounts of Chem. Research, 1989, 22, 275. 

	95.  Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Synthesis of Morindapavin-A, An Antitumor Agent, and Related Anthraquinones", J. Nat. Prod., 1989, 52, 1357.

	96.  Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Preparation of Novel 4-Substituted 6-Methoxy-, 6,7-Dimethoxy- and 6,7-(Methylenedioxy)isochroman-3-ones.  Part 2.  J. Org. Chem. 1990, 54, 1471.

	97.  Siriwardane, U.; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "9,11-Dihydro-1,6,11-trimethoxy-5,12-naphthacenequinone" Acta Cryst. 1990, C46, 924.

	98.  Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R." A Facile One-Step Synthesis fo Novel Polysubstituted Pyridines via Tandem-Addition Rearrangement-Aryne Reactions of 4-Bromo-2,6-dimethoxy-3-(methoxymethyl)pyridine"  Heterocycles, 1990, 30, 505.

	99.  Siriwardane, L.; Crenshaw, L.; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Structure of anti-(2-cyano-3-methoxy-6-methylphenyl)-1,2-diphenyl-1-ethanol" Acta Cryst. 1989, C45, 1463.	

	100.  Khanapure, S. P.; Bhawal, B. M.; Biehl, E. R. "Use of N-Lithiated Ethyl Anthranilates as 1,4-Dipole Equivalents in 1,4-Dipole-Aryne Cycloaddition: A Novel Approach To The Synthesis of Acridones", Tetrahedron Let., 1990, 31, 2869.

	101.  Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R."The Use of 1,4-Dipolar Aryne Cycloaddition Strategy in Anthracyclinone Synthesis: The Formal Synthesis of ± 4-Demethoxydaunomycinone:  Synthesis, 1991, 33.

	102.  Bhawal, B. M; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R.  "Rapid, Low-Temperature Amidation of Ethyl Cyanoacetate with Lithium Amides Derived From Primary and Secondary  Amines" Syn. Commun.  1990, 20, 3235.

	103.  Bhawal, B. M.; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Methyl Ester of Phenylacetic Acids with Lithium Alkoxides", Synthesis 1991, 112.

	104.  Bhawal, B. M.; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Preparation of 10-Hydroxy-9-anthracene-carbonitriles and Corresponding Anthraquinones via Aryne Reaction J. Org. Chem.1991, 56, 2846.

	105.  Biehl, E. R. DePaul, S.*; Khanapure, S. P.; Self, J.*;  Siriwardane, U.; Taylor, S.*; Tran, L. D.*; Tschantz, M.*; "Synthesis and Reactions of 7-Bromo-2-trifluoromethyl-10-methylpheno-thiazine Under Aryne-Forming Conditions. Heterocycles 1990, 31, 
2209.

	106.  Self, J.*; Khanapure, S. P.; Zhang, H.; Biehl, E. R.Reactions of Halo 10-Benzylpheno-thizines Under Ayrne-Forming Conditions", Heterocycles, 1991, 32,  343.
	
	107.  Biehl, E. R., DePaul, S.*; Khanapure, S. P., Self, J.*; Taylor, S.*; Tran, L. D.*; Tschantz, M.* Conference Proceedings, The Seventh International Conference on Phenothiazines and Structurally Related Psychotropic Compounds, Krieger Publishers, 199
2, 41-48.
	
	108. Bhawal, B. M.; Biehl, E. R. "Preparation of cis-Diphenyldibenzodicyclopentadiene", J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm. , 1991, 743.

	109  Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "A Novel Synthesis of Azaacridones Using 1,4-Dipolar Aryne Cycloadditions", Heterocycles, 1991, 32, 1773.

	110.  Self, Jennifer*; Khanapure, S. P.; Zang, H.; Biehl, E. R. "Structure of Cyano-Containing Phenothiazine", Acta Cryst., C-47, 1991,2465.

	111.  Biehl, E. R.; DePaul, S.*; Khanapure, S. P.; Tran, L.*; Taylor, S.*; Tschantz, M.*; "Crystal Structure and Reactions of 7-Bromo-2-trifluoromethyl-10-methylphenothiazine" Heterocycles, 1991, 32, 0000.

	112.  Waggenspack, J. H.; Tran, L.*; Taylor S. T.*; Yeung, L. K.*; Morgan, M. A.*; Deshmukh, R.; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Synthesis of Polymethylphenylacetonitriles by the Aryne Reaction" Synthesis, 1992, 765.

	113.  Deshmukh, A. R.; Tran, L.*; Biehl, E. R. "The Reaction of 2-Butenoic Acid Dianion and Its N-(4-Methoxyphenyl) Amide With Methoxy-Substituted Arynes" J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57, 667.

	114.  Deshmukh, A. R.; Biehl, E. R. "The Synthesis of 1-Amino-3,8-dipyridylmethyl-7-methyliso-quinoline Involving a Tandem Addition-Rearrangement Pathway", Heterocycles, 1992, 34, 99.

	115.  Self, J*; Khanapure, S. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Reaction of Chloro Derivatives of 10-Benzyl-and 10-(4'-Fluorobenzyl) phenothiazines with Nitriles and Amines Under Aryne-Forming Conditions", Heterocycles 1991, 32, 311.

	116.  Deshmukh, A. R.; Zhang, H.; Tran, L.*; Biehl, E. R. "Tanden-addition Rearrangements in the Reaction of 2-Butenoic Acid and n-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-Butenamide with Methyl Substituted Benzynes", J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57,  667.

	117.  Deshmukh, A. R.; Tran, L.*; Morgan, M.*; Biehl, E. R. "Preparation of 9-Amino-10-Anthracene-carbonitrites from the Reaction of Haloarenes and a-Cyano-o-Tolunitrile" Synthesis, 1992, 765.

	118.  Deshmukh, A. R.; Morgan, M. B.*; Tran, L.*; Biehl, E. R. "The Effect of Substituents on the Competing TARA and Aryne-Arylation Reaction", Heterocycles, 1992, 1239.

	119.  Biehl, E. R.; Fravel, B.*; Dutt, M. "Synthesis of 10-Imino Derivatives of Anthracenes" J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun, 1992, 1520.

	120.  Biehl, E. R.; Deskmukh, A. R.; Dutt, M. "LDA-Mediated Reactions of 1-Naphthalynes with Lithiated Acetonitriles and 1,4-Dipolar Nucleophilic Anions", Synthesis, 1993, 885.

	121.  Khanapure, S. P.; Swartling, D.; Biehl, E. R. "Synthesis of Fluorine Substituted Anthra-quinones and Azaanthraquinones", J. of Fluorine Chemistry, 1994, 68, 131.

	122.  Fadda, A. A.; Berges, M. M.; Biehl, E. R.; Khalad, H. M. "Base Catalyzed Condensation Reaction of Malonitrile, 2-Hydroxy-1-Naphthaldehyde with Different Ketones" Heterocycles, 1996, 0000.
	
	123.  Dutt, M.; Zhang, H; Biehl, E. R.; "Preparation of 1-Aminoisoquinolines from the Reaction of 2-Arylmethylbenzonitriles and Lithium Diisopropyl Amide". Heterocycles Letters, 1, 1994, 1, 9.

	124.  Dutt, M.; Fravel, B.*; Ford, G. P.; Biehl, E. R. "Synthesis of Novel Anthrones Imines", J. Org. Chem. 59, 1994, 497.

	125.  Biehl, E. R.; Khanapure, J. P.; Hansen, M.*; Dutt, M.; Swartling, D. "Investigation of the Reaction of 2-Bromo-1,4-Dimethoxynaphthalene and 9-Bromophenanthrene with Nitriles Under Aryne-Forming Conditions" Synthesis, 1994, 957.

	126.  Swartling, D. J.; Fry, M. J*.; Morgan, M. B.*; Biehl, E. R. "The Synthesis of Substituted 10-Cyanoanthracene-9-Isothiocyanates for Use as Fluorescent Dye Labeling Reagents" J. of Bioconjugate Chemistry, 1994, 2357.

	127.  Swartling, D. J.; Fry, M*.; Morgan, M*.; Biehl, E.; Balzarini, J.; DeClercq, E. "The Synthesis and Antiviral Studies of 3'-Amino-2',3'-Dideoxythymidine/substituted 10-Cyano-9-isothiocyano-anthracene Adducts" Nucleosides and Nucleotides, 1994, 13 ,2
013.

	128.  Biehl, E. R. "Synthesis of Polycylics visaAryne-Arylation reaction", Chemia, 1994, 48,  502.

	129.  Zhang, H. M.; Rafat, H. M.; Biehl, E., R. "Structure of a(3-Methoxyphenry)-2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenylacetonitrile" Acta. Cryst. 1995, 3451.

	130.  Biehl. E. R.; Rafat, H.; Faddo, A. A. "Reaction of Pentachloropyridine 2,3,4,5-Tetrachloro-4-Pyridyllithium with a-lithiated Arylacetonitriles and N-Butylithium " Heterocycles 1994, 38, 11, 2481.

	131.  Biehl, E. R.; Rafat, H.; Faddo, A. A. "Reaction of Pentachloropyridine with a-Lithiated Arylacetonitriles and Methyllithium in Diethylether" Heterocycles 1995, 41, 289.

	132.  Rafat, H.; Waggenspack, J.; Dutt, M.; Zhang, H.; Faddo, A. A.; Biehl, E. R. "Reaction of Hexachlorobenzene and Pentachlorophenyllithium with a-Arylacetonitriles" J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1985.

	133.  Han, W.; Tran, J*.; Zhang, H.; Jeffrey, S*.; Swartling, D.; Ford, G. P.; Biehl, E. "4-Bromo-pyrenes with Arylacetonitriles Under Aryne-Forming Conditions" Synthesis, 1995, 827.

	134.  Biehl, E.R. Ford, G.P. "Relative Stabilities of the ortho-Bisdehydro Polycyclic Aromatice Hydrocarbons: Theoretical Calculations (AM1) and Simple Qualitative RelationshipsÓ. Tetrahedron Lett., 1995 36, 3663.

	135.  Biehl, E.R.; Refat,H.; Fadda, H.A. "Reaction of Pentafluoropyridine with a-Lithiated Aryl-acetonitriles with h-Butyllithium in EtherÓ, Heterocycles, 1995, 41, 1431.

	136.  Han, Wei; Lu, Yingchun; Zhao, He; Dutt, Mahesh; Biehl, Edward R. "The Reaction of Halo-geno Substituted N, N-Dimethylanilines and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Certain Aryl-acetonitriles or a-Cyano-o- tolunitrile Under Aryne-forming Conditi

ons" Synthesis, 1996, 59.

	137.  Refat, Hala Mohammed; Faddo, Ahmed A.; Biehl, Ed. "Reaction of Bromopentafluoro-benzene and Pentaflurophenyllithium with a-Lithiated Arylacetonitriles" J. of Fluorine Chem., 1996, 76, 99.

	138.  Zhao, H.; Biehl, Edward. "Preparation of a Variety of Naturally-Occurring Anthraquinones Using an Aryne Reaction" J. Nat. Prod., 1995, 58, 1970.

	139.  Zhao, H.; Biehl, E. "Synthesis of a-nitrilesulfones" Syn. Commun., 1995, 25,  4063.

	140.  Tran, L*.; Bhawal, B.; Biehl, E. R. "Synthesis of 4-arylated Tiglic Acid" Syn. Commun., 1996, 26, 963.

	141.  Refar, H. M.; Fadda, A. A.; Lu, Y.; Biehl, E. R. "Preparation of 8,16-Imino-8-H,16H-dinaphtho[2,1-b:2,1-f][1,5]dioxocin" Heterocycles, 1996, 42,1280.

	142.  Zhao, H.; Biehl, E. R. 1995, "Preparation of a Variety of Naturally-Occurring Anthraquinones Using An Aryne reaction.J. Natural Products 1995,58, 1970.
	
	143. Zhang, H.-M.; Lu, Y.; Biehl, E. R. "Structure of 3-(2Õ-cyanobenzyl)-1-methoxy-2-naphthonitrile", Acta Cryst.1997, 0000. 

	144.  Lu, Y.; Biehl, E. R. "Reaction of Certain Halogeno Derivatives of Benzenes,1-Methoxynaphthalene, and Biphenylene with Ferrocenyl- and Arylacetonitriles, 3-Cyanophthalides and a-Cyano-o-tolunitrile Under Aryne-Forming Conditions" Synthesis, 1997, su

bmitted.